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  • 1
    Oct
    2012
    8:52am, EDT

    Why some of us refuse to face facts (yes, 'birthers,' that includes you)

    John Moore / Getty Images

    Even state records aren't enough to deter some in their beliefs, as evidenced by this billboard.

    By Bill Briggs, NBC News contributor

    Here’s the delicious irony of this post: Some of you will disagree with the content. Strongly. Vehemently. Passionately.

    Angrily.

    You are wrong, according to the facts. Yet you maintain a death-grip mental hold on some untrue myths. And you refuse to surrender your unshakable belief – even when evidence is presented to the contrary. Why? Well, it’s basically how our brains work when it comes to persuasive urban legends and fabrications that perfectly suit our worldviews, according to a new report published in Psychological Science in the Public Interest, a journal for the Association for Psychological Science. Simply put: it’s cognitively easier for our minds to trust a lie – if it supports our deepest convictions – than it is to reject information that requires some mental sweat to assess.

    The report, which explains why some pieces of misinformation are so “sticky,” was authored by a cognitive scientist and three psychology professors.

    Let’s jump right in, shall we?

    President Barack Obama was born in the United States.

    We don’t have to take Obama’s word for this. In late May, Arizona Secretary of State Ken Bennett – who has served on Republican Mitt Romney’s campaign – received state records from Hawaii. The information verified that on Aug. 4, 1961, a young woman gave birth to a baby boy in a hospital at 1611 Bingham St. in Honolulu, and that boy grew up to be elected the 44th president. The documentation, in turn, convinced Bennett to allow the president’s name to be placed on the November ballot in Arizona.

    But the doubters – “birthers” – still call it crap. This is the authors' first example of misinformation that, for some, cannot be unstuck.

    “You can look at it from the point of view of the people that first raised the question: They want something that would invalidate this candidate,” said Colleen Seifert, an Arthur F. Thurnau Professor of Psychology at the University of Michigan, and one of the report’s authors. “So if it were true, they say it would be so great because it would solve this problem for them. But it’s really not true. So they keep clinging to it because they don’t have an alternative that is equally damning or that equally would change the playing field.”

    Unbelievers: We are not nearly finished grinding your gears.

    The report next cites two more pieces of information as incontrovertible facts: climate change is occurring and vaccines do not cause autism.

    Some parents of autistic children are sure that childhood shots changed their kids’ brains. That has led other parents to become wary of inoculations.

    “You can imagine (vaccines) as a cause and it fits really well with the situation because that’s when they had the shots and that’s when you started noticing your child was different,” Seifert said. “It all kind of makes sense. It’s a great package.

    “But if they look at the statistics and ask themselves: Well, every child gets a vaccine, why is it only some of them would get autism from it? That has got to cause some cognitive conflict in order for those parents to recognize that and believe it’s not true,” Seifert said. “But it’s so good, it should be true. And they don’t have an alternative that would completely fit it so well."

    Her research has shown that unless you can give people an alternative fact “that fills that causal hole,” they will cling to the old belief.

    Sometimes, however, even cold facts won’t budge some folks off their stubborn perch. Earth is warming – and we’re doing it. Need confirmation? In late June, ExxonMobil CEO Rex Tillerson acknowledged that burning of fossil fuels is heating the planet. If an oil guy is going to own it, well, it seems sort of tough to keep your head buried in the oil shale on this issue.

    Skeptics, however, call all this hot-and-bothered talk “junk science.”

    According to the authors of the “sticky misinformation” report, that’s partly because the doubters all get around in vehicles.

    “As you can imagine,” Seifert said, “there would be inconsistencies in their own lives: I drive a combustion car so I don’t want to admit that what we’re doing is causing harm to the earth. It’s the maintaining of this inconsistency internally – if my value is that I want to keep doing what I’m doing then anything that threatens that world view, I reject.”

    Now back to even more delicate ground, the election, where this past summer Romney used Obama’s birth heritage as a stump speech quip.

    If hospital records won’t quell the “birthers” – won’t, as the psychologists like to say, “fill the hole” of truth – what in the name of science will it take to satisfy them?

    What will allow the president’s opponents to say, in Seifert’s words:  “Now, we’ve got something on him; he’s caught cold and it fits our view of him that he’s not fit for the presidency.”

    What would that be? You already know one answer.

    “A blue dress,” Seifert said, “hanging in some intern’s office.”

    Related stories:

    Sorry, there's no such thing as a case of the Mondays

    Watching reruns can replenish your self-control

    Psychopaths have terrible senses of smell

     

     

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  • 5
    Aug
    2010
    9:50am, EDT

    Want to know what really Obama thinks? Look at his hand

    M. Spencer Green / AP

    President Barack Obama probably felt good about whatever he was talking about at this town meeting in Racine, Wis., on June 30, 2010.

    Linda Carroll writes: When it’s time to discuss his favorite things, President Barack Obama favors the left. Hand, that is.

    Scientists have discovered that those who are left-handed, like Obama, tend to use that hand to gesture when they’re talking about things they feel positive about, and their right hand for things that are negative. For right-handed people, it’s the opposite.

    In a study published this month in PloS ONE, researchers examined tapes from the final presidential debates from 2004 and 2008 to see if they could spot a right/left bias in the hand gestures of the candidates. As it turns out, both candidates in 2004 were righties, while in 2008 they were both lefties.

    Sure enough, the politicians unwittingly communicated their feelings about a topic by the hand with which they gestured while speaking. So, when Obama launching into an enthusiastic discussion about the benefits of his health insurance plans he would use his left hand. If the topic was the war in Iraq, he’d gesture with his right hand.

    The opposite was true of right-handed George Bush – positive words were emphasized with right handed gestures, negative ones with left handed movements.

    Associating good things with the side of your dominant hand extends beyond just gestures. Researchers found that if you’re right-handed you’re more inclined to think that in general things on the right are good, while left oriented stuff – people, images, whatever – is bad. (The converse is true for you lefties out there.)

    In one experiment, study volunteers were shown a drawing that depicted a group of space aliens sitting side by side. On average, righties concluded that the aliens on the right end of the picture were smarter, happier, more honest and more attractive than those on the left. Lefties liked the extraterrestrials on the left better.

    “Overall, the data support the idea that people associate good things with the side of the body they can use most fluently – dominant is fluent, and fluent is good,” says the study’s lead author Daniel Casasanto of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, Netherlands.

    It’s a good example of how our bodies influence the way we think without our ever knowing anything about it, says Diane Halpern, a professor of psychology at Claremont McKenna College.

    We’re thinking this right/left thing could be a quick and dirty lie detector. Let’s say your boss is about to evaluate your work -- you might want to pay close attention to which hand is moving as she talks.

    What body language do you think reveals the most? Tell us in the comments.

    To read more Body Odd posts, click here. You can also find us on Twitter and on Facebook.

    Want more weird health news? Find The Body Odd on Facebook.

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Bill Briggs, NBC News contributor

NBC News contributor covering health, business, military and travel. @writerdude Author of "The Third Miracle: An Ordinary Man, A Medical Mystery and a Trial of Faith" (Random House, 2011).

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