People can smell your neuroticism

Ikophotos / FeaturePics.com

The nose knows more than you'd think, a new study suggests

By Rachel Rettner
LiveScience

Getting to know someone usually requires at least a little conversation. But a new study suggests you can get a hint of an individual's personality through his or her scent alone.

Participants in the study assessed, with some degree of accuracy, how outgoing, anxious or dominant people were after only taking a whiff of their clothes. The study is the first to test whether personality traits can be discerned through body odor.

While the match-up between responses by the judges and the judged were not perfect, they do suggest that, when forming a first impression, we take into account a person's smell, as well as visual and audible cues to their personality traits, the researchers said.

We not only express ourselves through our looks, "we also express ourselves with how we smell," said study researcher Agnieszka Sorokowska, a doctoral candidate at the University of Wroclaw, in Poland.

The study will be published in an upcoming issue of the European Journal of Personality.

Sorokowska and colleagues asked 30 men and 30 women to don white cotton t-shirts for three consecutive nights. Participants could not use fragrances, deodorants or soaps, and could not smoke or drink or eat odorous foods during the study. Participants also took a personality test.

Shirts from the "odor donors" were collected and rated by 100 men and 100 women. Raters were asked to smell the shirts (placed in non-transparent plastic bags) and evaluate five personality traits of the donors, on a scale of one to 10. Each rater assessed six shirts, and each shirt was assessed by 20 raters.

The judges' ratings matched up with the self-assessments of the donors for three personality traits: extroversion (the tendency to be outgoing and sociable) neuroticism (the tendency to feel anxious and moody) and dominance (the urge to be a leader).

The matches were far from perfect. But the raters predicted the donor's level of extroversion and neuroticism through smell about as accurately as participants in a different study predicted personality traits based on a video depicting a person's behavior, Sorokowska said.

Judgments of dominance were most accurate in the case where an individual rater was assessing the odor of someone who was the opposite sex, suggesting such judgments are especially important when it comes to choosing a mate, the researchers said.

Extroversion, neuroticism and dominance are all traits that may, to some extent, be expressed physiologically, including through our emotions.

For instance, people who are neurotic may sweat more when they experience stress, which would modify the bacteria in their underarms and make them smell different, the researchers said.  

Personality traits may also be linked with the secretion of hormones that could alter a persons' scent. People who are high in dominance may have higher levels of testosterone, which in turn may modify their sweat glands, the researchers said.

The findings are preliminary and more studies need to be done to confirm the results, Sorokowska said. It's not clear whether the same link would be found in other cultures known to have weaker body odors, Sorokowska said.

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Discuss this post

What? Some cultures have weaker body odors? Learn something new every day...

  • 1 vote
Reply#1 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 12:56 PM EST

It is true. The people with the highest body odor are caucasians and blacks. The reason why is for some reason they excrete more fatty molecules in their sweat which gives their bacteria a bigger growth boost and hence more odor. The asian and north americans produce less fat molecules and different cultures also sweat in different ways. The furthest north North American natives sweat less from their body then any other races but more from their forehead and scalp which causes faster cooling in an arctic environment and less risk of wet clothing. The blacks and causasicans also grow more body hair then the other races which probably also contributes a lot to the odor.

    #1.1 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 12:52 AM EST

    Asians have fewer sweat glands and probably maintain different balances of flora in the jungles and on the deserts of their bodies. In four years in Japan, I never encountered a "body" odor, even in the humid summers in packed trains. Men's bathrooms, though, are very different in that what I presume to be the high intake of fish seems to come out quite noticeably in urine smell. Almost intolerable to my western nose... although poop seems to smell like sch1t wherever you go. As this science matures, I suspect there will be many surprises as to the extent our lives are ruled by this most basic of all senses, chemoception. Even bacteria do it. I doubt that we are the only animal on the planet for which it is not a profound behavioral modifier. There is little else, for example, that can with just a few molecules bring back a memory with the strength that smell can, not to mention turn us into mobile fat suits... And for you sad sacks and know nothings, you would quickly die a horrible and painful death if you were not covered from head to foot, inside and out, with germs, which sticky little organisms we exchange with each other constantly, incessently, everything we touch, the air we breathe, the food we eat, the water we drink, all teeming with life. In fact, your very constituative cells, themselves, are composed of several commensal microbial partners. Get used to it. This research is more important than you can possibly imagine. Your 'smell' determines YOUR place in the human circus much more than you will ever realize. And noses can easily pick these critical signal molecules out of the 'noise', the dupont chemicals you apply to yourself for instance, such as Axe (?), and there is no way to hide or disguise your true biological worth to those noses around you. Sorry. Corporate would have you think otherwise, of course, but for corporate, the stupider their customers can be made, the better for them. Take a GOOD course in microbiology and the world will look very different to you...

    • 5 votes
    #1.2 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 12:55 AM EST

    Ah, justvisiting-1857005 and I posted about the same time and his/her post reminded me that, for the Japanese at least, we albinoids smell like 'meat', quite strongly like meat, in fact. We probably also smell like our particular immune identity which, if we are like other mammals, determines who we may and who probably we won't mate with. 'Smell' is still a very young and already highly complex field of study. Geowil below also makes some excellent points some of which I have experienced directly myself (!). And yes, Geowil, the personality (us) is just the subunit of the cerebral system that manages appropriate contextual social and defensive behavior and, of course, must therefore monitor internal and external conditions constantly, hence 'awareness', a to-be-expected feature of our obligate communal group structure. Ah, so much to know and such small brains with which to know it. Alas...

    • 1 vote
    #1.3 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 1:20 AM EST

    People can smell your neuroticism

    If there's a headline more likely to freak out a neurotic, I sure don't know what it would be.

    • 8 votes
    #1.4 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 12:50 PM EST

    LOL @ PDK.

    Maybe it's a conspiratorial part of the test itself? The researchers coming to the houses of various neurotics reading the headline to steal their shirts?

    They should also check the odors of heavy gamblers too, especially after they "lose their shirts".

    • 1 vote
    #1.5 - Tue Dec 6, 2011 5:21 AM EST

    @just visiting

    That is pretty fascinating. I'm not trying to question you, but do you have any links for reference?

    No doubt I will get slammed for saying this, but having been trained in Biology it always seemed like a no brainer to me that genetics plays a large role in who we are.

    It isn't just about "skin color". We know darn well that if you painted an African, a Caucasion, an Indian, an Asian, and a Native American the same color it would still be pretty obvious what race they were.

    We can accept that different breeds of dogs have different intelligence traits. A Border Collie is different from a Bassett Hound is different from a Labrador Retriever. They each have strengths and weaknesses that they were born with, and no amount of training will change it.

    Our reluctance to accept simple truths in the name of being politically correct doesn't do anyone any favors.

    The only sane approach is to foster the strengths that people are born with rather than trying to turn them into what "we" want them to be.

      #1.6 - Tue Dec 6, 2011 8:21 AM EST
      Reply

      A lot of body odors are the results of the food we eat. How much was paid by the federal government to do this research? Sounds like another way to get free money.

      • 4 votes
      Reply#2 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 1:45 PM EST

      I am sure this came from the security part of the Gov. you know to detect evil.

      • 1 vote
      #2.1 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 3:00 PM EST

      Maybe that is why extremely expensive perfumes are marketed..to cover the stench of ones neurosis??

      • 2 votes
      #2.2 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 3:56 PM EST

      Frankie: Read the freaking article! The study was done at a Polish University, for cryin' out loud! It didn't cost the US govt one red cent. Are you just totally stupid??

      • 12 votes
      #2.3 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:40 PM EST

      Now watch this comment start a blight of Polish jokes!

      • 1 vote
      #2.4 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:44 PM EST
      Reply

      yeah, right and now tell me what dreams mean! just when i thought i had heard all the BS!

        Reply#3 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:10 PM EST

        If you do not think that pheromones have any sway over what we do you have not been through a proper biology class. They body releases pheromones during all kinds of situations. The whole reason why you have the stigma during high school that most teenagers are going to get "some" is not all directly related to hormones and the saying "out of his/her mind with hormones" is actually a bit of a misnomer.

        When women are seeking a mate their bodies release a certain pheromone that potential mates can pick up on through smell. Men's body oder also has a similar effect on women, making them a bit less inhibited. During sex the body releases a different kind of pheromone that causes the senses to sharpen.

        We even release a pheromone when we are frightened. You know the saying "I can smell your fear"? Well that is not far off from the truth. If we had any natural predators they would be able to pick up on that scent and it is also one of the scents that dogs can track us by.

        The nose does much more then you would think and we cannot consiously detect some of the oders that it can detect, but the brain can analyze them.

        Much of what our body does is done without our knowledge, we are only in direct control of about 20% to 30% of our brains at any one time and the rest is working on its own, without our help. That is why we are able to judge distances, predict how far we need to go, or pick things up or throw things; the brain makes all of these complex calculations, on the level of trigonometry, on its own without us knowing it.

        By the way, some of the time dreams are just the mind's way of processing information that you were unable to understand while awake. True at other times it is gibberish though, but many people throughout history have been able to come to a breakthrough in their fields or realization via lucid dreaming.

        • 16 votes
        #3.1 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 3:24 PM EST

        nativesocal.... Tell me your dreams...

          #3.2 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:43 PM EST

          OMG Geowil...a rational person suffering from intellectual curiosity, which is sorely lacking here.

          Thank you for your post.

          • 3 votes
          #3.3 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 5:30 PM EST
          Reply

          I can smell something in this article alright and it isn't neuroticism!!!

            Reply#4 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:12 PM EST
              Reply#5 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:34 PM EST

              I'd rather smell their hairy pits.

                Reply#6 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:37 PM EST
                  Reply#7 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:43 PM EST

                  The singer himself will soon have 'stinky feet' as well, if not already. These organisms are highly communicable and difficult to get rid of once they get comfortable in a new dermal home. A complete soak in brown Listerine at least to the ankle for as long as standable up to about 5 min - 10 minutes, well dried with a bleach washed fresh towel (or airdried), fresh bleach washed socks, and open sandals, (a proprietary foot powder may also be added) repeated for about 5 days (fresh Listerine) with all old shoes and unbleachable socks discarded and new shoes only at the end. Everybody in the house should do this at the same time and all floors, showers, and bathtubs well cleaned (with well diluted bleach solution if possible) and no 'bare feet' for a month or two, at least. And certainly don't be rubbing the 'stinky feet' with your bare hands. Feet are not the only location these guys can live. I suspect you would not want 'stinky nose' for example. Good luck...

                    #7.1 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 1:41 AM EST
                    Reply

                    Oh that's nasty....

                    • 1 vote
                    Reply#8 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:47 PM EST

                    I wonder how much grant money got sucked up in that study.

                    I could have told them people smell, and the particular smell helps in judging that person's potential demeanor.

                    And I would have done it for half whatever it cost.

                      Reply#9 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 2:48 PM EST

                      How very conceited of you.

                      • 1 vote
                      #9.1 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:43 PM EST

                      flyyoyo, your similarity to the intellectual traits of a chunk of wood are truly impressive. Don't change a thing!

                        #9.2 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 6:29 PM EST

                        I wonder how much grant money got sucked up in that study.

                        Did you even read the article? The study was done in POLAND! That's over here in Europe, you know, that part of the world that's NOT in the USA? There is a world outside of our borders in case you didn't know.

                        • 3 votes
                        #9.3 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 6:54 PM EST
                        Reply

                        This is called Sunday filler news. One dryer sheet could have someone thinking you were a genius.

                          Reply#10 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 3:39 PM EST

                          how funny - they poll a couple hundred people and think that the billions of people on earth are all supposed to fit into a category somehow. STOP ALL GRANT MONEY for this stupid stuff. We do NOT need any other studies for the next 1,000 years. I'm gonna puke if I hear the words 'another study has shown' again on TV or a newsclip.

                          • 1 vote
                          Reply#11 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 3:53 PM EST

                          And this is why I'm glad an uneducated person such as yourself is not in charge of making funding decisions. Go ahead, continue to spout of your ignorance and denounce all research that doesn't seem to have an immediate implication for you. It's attitudes like yours that place us on the road to Idiocracy (a film).

                          • 7 votes
                          #11.1 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:46 PM EST

                          cat whisperer its people like you who waste my hard earned tax dollars. If you want to waste time picking on what you call the unintelligent, i've got something you can study.

                            #11.2 - Fri Dec 9, 2011 8:54 PM EST
                            Reply

                            I agree with the study and personally know huindreds of people who REALLY STINK!!!

                            • 1 vote
                            Reply#12 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:29 PM EST

                            Makes sense, poor people smell like top ramen and rich people smell like beef and crab.

                            • 2 votes
                            Reply#13 - Sun Dec 4, 2011 4:45 PM EST

                            Another example of a useless "study".

                              Reply#15 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 12:28 PM EST

                              They just had to get a swift of Matthew McConaughey and Colin Farrell. Its also reported that # 1. Brad Pitt
                              #2. Russell Crowe
                              #3. Hayden Christensen
                              #4. David Bowie
                              #5. Courtney Cox
                              #6. Robin Williams
                              #7. Christina Aguillera
                              #8. Cameron Diaz
                              #9. Metallica
                              #10. Bob Dylan

                              Don't wear deodorant.

                                Reply#16 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 12:38 PM EST

                                The Soviets did this sort of study during the cold war, and were pretty successful at weeding out the "competition" during that time. They collected smells by having people sit on a rag for 30 minutes which they would then keep for future reference if they needed to use dogs to track down the suspected dissenters. It's true. Look it up.

                                  Reply#17 - Mon Dec 5, 2011 1:13 PM EST

                                  This study stinks.

                                    Reply#18 - Tue Dec 6, 2011 11:46 AM EST

                                    Cant smoke, cant eat spicy foods ? (wearing a white t shirt is somehow nothing wrong in extremely cold areas)

                                    No, thanks .

                                      Reply#19 - Thu Dec 8, 2011 6:41 AM EST

                                      Woman has more time to spend on smelling good.

                                      Sure, woman smells better, man works the bathroom.

                                        Reply#20 - Thu Dec 8, 2011 6:54 AM EST

                                        THIS HAPPENS TO ME ALL THE TIME ! ! !

                                        I work at Burger King, and am a typical 487 pound guy, age 38. living in my parents basement here in Topeka. people smell my Neuroticism all day long, but are mistaken. They call them "Smelly Farts" but I call it Neroticism. I cut at least 20 - 25 Neuroticisms every day.

                                          Reply#21 - Fri Dec 9, 2011 8:37 PM EST
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